梁结构振动支承约束反力控制

支承或连接构件对梁结构的动力学性能有至关重要影响,必须保证其在振动过程中不发生破坏或者失效。通过合理设计和布局附加弹性支承可以实现对这些重要连接构件所承受约束反力的控制。应用微分变换法推导含附加支承的梁结构支承约束反力及其对于附加支承位置和刚度的灵敏度表达式,并通过优化设计附加支承位置和刚度实现具有弹性约束端的简支梁结构各支承约束反力的平衡,可提高结构的动力学性能。     

Additive Manufacturing of Stable Energy Storage Devices Using a Multinozzle Printing System

The development of the Internet of things has prompted an exponential increase in the demand for flexible, wearable devices, thereby posing new challenges to their integration and conformalization. Additive manufacturing facilitates the fabrication of complex parts via a single integrated process. Herein, the development of a multinozzle, multimaterial printing device is reported. This device accommodates the various characteristics of printing materials, ensures high-capacity printing, and can accommodate a wide range of material viscosities from 0 to 1000 Cp. Complete capacitors, inclusive of the current collector, electrode, and electrolyte, can be printed without repeated clamping to complete the preheating, printing, and sintering processes. This method addresses the poor stability issue associated with printed electrode materials. Furthermore, after the intercalation of LiFePO₄ with Na ions, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results reveal that the Na ions permeate the interlayer structure of LiFePO₄, enhancing the ion migration channels by increasing the ion transmission rate. A current rate of 2.5 mAh ensures >2000 charge/discharge cycles, while retaining a charge/discharge efficiency of 96% and a discharge capacity of 91.3 mAh g⁻¹. This manufacturing process can provide conformal power modules for a diverse range of portable devices with various shapes, improving space utilization.     

双目结构光系统仿真建模和误差灵敏度分析

结构光系统目前在三维测量、逆向工程等领域应用日益广泛,然而关于结构光系统性能评测方法的研究成果仍然很少,仅有少数国际标准给出了3D扫描系统的性能评测方法.本文首先建立了双目结构光系统的仿真模型,其中包括了相机镜头畸变模型和针孔成像模型,实现投影仪投射数字正弦条纹的仿真和被扫描的靶球特征量仿真计算,采用的三维重建方法为光学三角法.然后基于仿真模型,对其基线距离相关的误差灵敏度进行了仿真,发现靶球中心位置和靶球球心距对基线距离误差具有较高的灵敏度,可以作为测试方法的输出.最后,如果只考虑基线距离误差,标准测试方法中的校准球棒的位置应在测量范围内的相对距离尽可能大,为标准性能评测方法提供了改进建议.     

铝业废阴极炭块资源化利用技术研究

为实现铝业废阴极炭块在钢铁冶金流程中资源化利用，通过深入研究废阴极炭块的相关物性，结合炼钢工艺对炭素及氟化物的物质需求，明确了废阴极炭块的无害化资源利用原理，工业试验结果表明废阴极炭块在炼钢转炉内可较好地实现无害化资源利用。     

Application of ferrous sulfate alleviates negative impact of cadmium in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)

Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as cadmium (Cd)] is becoming a serious global problem due to rapid development of social economy. Iron (Fe), being an important element, has been found effective in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. The present study investigated the extent to which different levels of Ferrous sulphate (FeSO₄) modulated the Cd tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.), when maintained in artificially Cd spiked regimes. A pot experiment was conducted under controlled conditions for 146 days, by using natural soil, mixed with different levels of CdCl₂ [0 (no Cd), 0.5 and 1 mg/kg] together with the exogenous application of FeSO₄ at [0 (no Fe), 1.5 and 3 mg/kg] levels to monitor different growth, gaseous exchange characteristics, oxidative stress, antioxidative responses, minerals accumulation, organic acid exudation patterns of O. sativa. Our results depicted that addition of Cd to the soil significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plant growth and biomass, gaseous exchange parameters, mineral uptake by the plants, sugars (soluble, reducing, and non-reducing sugar) and altered the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, plastoglobuli, mitochondria, and many other cellular organelles in Cd-stressed O. sativa compared to those plants which were grown without the addition of Cd in the soil. However, Cd toxicity boosted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), which is the indication of oxidative stress in O. sativa and was also manifested by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) contents and electrolyte leakage to the membrane bounded organelles. Although, activities of various antioxidative enzymes like superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and non-enzymatic antioxidants like phenolics, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, anthocyanin and proline contents increased up to a Cd level of 0.5 mg/kg in the soil but were significantly diminished at the highest Cd level of 1 mg/kg in the soil compared to those plants which were grown without the addition of Cd in the soil. The negative impacts of Cd injury were reduced by the application of FeSO₄ which increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic apparatus, antioxidant enzymes, minerals uptake together with diminished exudation of organic acids as well as oxidative stress indicators in roots and shoots of O. sativa by decreasing Cd retention in different plant parts. These results shed light on the effectiveness of FeSO₄ in improving the growth and upregulation of antioxidant enzyme activities of O. sativa in response to Cd stress. However, further studies at field levels are required to explore the mechanisms of FeSO₄-mediated reduction of the toxicity of not only Cd, but possibly also other heavy metals in plants.     

Enzyme-Activated Prodrug-Based Smart Liposomes Specifically Enhance Tumor Hemoperfusion with Efficient Drug Delivery to Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Stellate Cells

Tumor-specific enhanced delivery of chemotherapeutics and modulators to tumor cells and activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), respectively, represents safer and more effective therapy for pancreatic cancer. Herein, a membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)-cleavable spacer is used to assemble low-density cRGDfK onto thermosensitive liposomes loaded with phosphorylated calcipotriol (PCAL) and doxorubicin (DOX), yielding MR-T-PD. The liposome-linked cRGDfK prodrug on MR-T-PD surface is first activated by MT1-MMP, which is selectively expressed on tumor endothelial cells, to release cRGDfK. The free cRGDfK specifically promotes tumor angiogenesis, leading to 3.4-fold higher accumulation and a wider distribution of MR-T-PD in tumors. Furthermore, MR-T-PD rapidly releases PCAL and DOX into the interstitium under heat treatment. The released DOX enters tumor cells to induce apoptosis, whereas the PCAL prodrug is converted to CAL by alkaline phosphatase on the surface of aPSCs; CAL can then enter aPSCs to induce quiescence and promote the antitumor effect of DOX. Finally, by enhancing the exposure of DOX and CAL to tumor cells and aPSCs, respectively, in a tumor-specific manner, MR-T-PD exerts superior efficacy (a 5.9-fold decrease in tumor weight) without causing additional side effects. Overall, this prodrug-based smart liposome system represents a promising paradigm for pancreatic cancer therapy.     

巨型水轮发电机剪断销研发与质量控制

为获得设计需要的巨型水轮发电机剪断销的剪切力,得到剪切力波动受控的批量剪断销,通过拉伸试验、冲击试验、硬度试验和剪断销剪切试验等讨论了全尺寸剪断销剪切试验的可行性,分析了剪切试验时正常剪断和非正常剪断的剪断销材料性能差异,探究了剪断销的剪切力质量稳定性控制方法。结果表明:控制剪断销料坯的布氏硬度波动,可实现间接控制剪断销剪切强度的波动;通过试验总结的六步法可达到控制批量剪断销质量和剪切力波动的目的。     

堆本体抗震试验动力相似关系推导与验证

为确保堆本体抗震试验中流体对流效应、脉冲效应和堆本体结构响应的准确性，需保证重力、流体与固体惯性力、结构弹性力和结构应变的相似性。本文从固体结构的振动方程、不可压牛顿流体的动力学方程、流固交界面的边界条件和环形柱体域内液体线性晃动的动力学公式出发，基于控制方程的量纲分析法，推导了考虑液体晃动效应的堆本体地震响应动力相似关系。基于上述相似关系建立了堆容器堆内构件和堆容器内自由液面流体域的缩尺模型，通过有限体积法分析堆容器堆内构件原型和缩尺模型中液体的晃动固有频率、晃动波高、压力以及液体晃动对堆容器支承裙的倾覆力矩。结果表明本文动力相似关系具有合理性和准确性，可用于堆本体缩尺模型的抗震试验研究。     

基于词性特征的明喻识别及要素抽取方法

比喻是一种利用事物之间的相似点建立关系的修辞方式。明喻是比喻中最常见的形式,具有明显的喻词,例如"像",用于关联本体和喻体。近年来高考语文散文类鉴赏题中多有考查明喻句的试题,为了解答此类鉴赏题,需要识别比喻句中的本体和喻体要素。该文提出了基于词性特征的明喻识别及要素抽取方法。首先将句子中词向量化表示与词性特征向量化表示进行融合,将融合后的向量输入到BiLSTM中进行训练,然后利用CRF解码出全局最优标注序列;最后得到明喻识别和要素抽取的结果。公开数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法优于已有的单任务方法;同时也将该文方法应用于北京高考语文鉴赏题中比喻句的识别与要素抽取,验证了方法的可行性。     

机电安装技术在大跨度玻璃穹顶建筑工程中的应用

北京某文旅项目201单体为造型复杂的大跨度玻璃穹顶建筑,其机电管线和灯具在穹顶水平环梁和主拱梁上安装难度极大.经研究采用综合支架、合理规划路由等措施,满足了设计和使用要求.